By 1913, the United States produced one-third of the worlds industrial outputmore than the total of Great Britain, France, and Germany combined. The Second Industrial Revolution took local communities and their new products out of the shadow of large regional agricultural based economies which was assisted by new labor forces and production techniques. Since the 1840s in the United States, women such as Susan B. Anthony (18201906) and Elizabeth Cady Stanton (18151902) had organized campaigns for womens rights. The Berlin Conference (18841885) established the principle that European occupation of African territory had to be based on effective occupation that was recognized by other states, and that no single European power could claim Africa. Posted 7 years ago. Like Carnegie, Rockefeller publicly supported a number of philanthropies, yet privately domineered over his workers and bitterly fought their efforts to organize and unionize. The U.S. was awash in an abundance of natural resources from its newly acquired territories, a growing supply of labor immigrating from Europe, and the migration of emancipated African Americans North and West, an expanding market for manufactured goods, and the availability of capital for investment. Benjamin Outrams Little Eaton Gangway in July 1908. However, at that time, Panama was owned by Columbia who refused to let the US build this canal. Formal colonies would be ruled with U.S.-appointed colonial governors and supported by U.S. troops. They set up trading posts and gained footholds on the coasts of Africa and China, and worked closely with the local rulers to ensure the protection of European economic interests. Population had increased across much of this vast region, and there were growing cities along its edges. France held Louisiana and French Guinea, and Holland built an empire in the East Indies. These changes mutually fueled the Second Industrial Revolution which peaked between 1870 and 1914. US decision to influence Latin countries through economic forces rather than milatary. United States History Chapter 18: An Emerging World Power, Foreign Relations Milestones Outside of War, APUSH Unit 7 (1890-1945) Imperialism and WWI, Unit 7 (1890-1945) Part 1 (Imperialism & WWI ), United States Imperialism- Nina and Bridget. In the end the US has an empire that included Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. By 1870, it became necessary for European industrialized nations to expand their markets globally in order to sell products that they could not sell domestically on the continent. Meanwhile, Europes Commercial Revolution created new needs and desires for wealth and raw materials. The transportation revolution opened up new markets for farmers, industrialists, and bankers who could now bring crops cotton in the Mississippi River Valley, wheat in the Midwest, and manufactured goods in upstate New York into a global market based on credit. Direct link to Arnav Kamulkar's post Would it be correct to as, Posted 3 years ago. However, no countries allowed women to vote. In the first half of the nineteenth century, colonialism became less popular. Social Darwinism fostered imperialistic expansion by proposing that some people were more fit (advanced) than others. Get access. After this war, Guam became a territory of the US. US wanted canal that cut across central america. Formal colonies would be ruled with U.S.-appointed colonial governors and supported by U.S. troops. We had had issues with Spain in the past, and it was because of their annexation of Havana that our ships were posted in South America. You could not be signed in, please check and try again. 1875-1900: Britain, France, Germany, Portugal and Italy join in the Scramble for Africa [39] 1876: Korea signs unequal treaty with Japan. Great Britain's African rule was established and consolidated. No. During the Depression of 1873, the soon-to-be industry giant, Andrew Carnegie established a steel company which controlled every phase of business from raw materials to transportation, manufacturing, and distribution. The WSPU believed that after years of peaceful protest only aggressive or militant action would bring victory. Finally on July 25 the US invaded Puerto Rico. In 1896, the first modern Olympics were held in Athens. Because of this, the press claimed the Spanish had caused the explosion, causing a mass outcry and the demand for a war with Spain. But in the late nineteenth century all of that changed rapidly. You do not currently have access to this article, Access to the full content requires a subscription, Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend. Would it be correct to assume, that the "white man's burden" mindset is similar to the mindsets seen with Native Americans in the 1700's with missions and rehabilitation to convert them to Christianity? Others, the majority, believed the colonial rule was beneficial. By the 1890s, Carnegiedominated the steel industry and had accumulated a fortune worth millions. Direct link to IKT's post We now all apply this to , Posted 6 years ago. Monroe Doctrine . After suppressing the rebellion, the British government made India part of the empire in 1858, as mentioned previously. Change). Thus, the increase in new territories claimed in the first 75 years of the 19th century averaged about 83,000 square miles (215,000 square kilometres) a year. It also has vassal states (independent nations) which have special relationships under which the US takes care of particular functions so that those nations need not bother with them. Yes, it's very similar. Enter your email address to receive notifications of new posts by email. In July 21, 1944, the US fought the Battle of Guam and recaptured Guam from the Japanese. Select American Slavery, American Imperialism - Title page. Brewminate: A Bold Blend of News and Ideas. This rpovided more resources for the economy and helped with trade. US Perceptions of Global Servitude, 1870-1914; Queen Victoria (18191901) called the struggle for suffrage wicked. Direct link to amgarcia430's post I feel like it's the oppo, Posted 3 years ago. But the challenge of new empire builders, backed up by increasing naval power, put a new priority on Britains desire to extend its colonial empire. Between the annexation of Texas (1845), the British retreat from Oregon country, and The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848) which cemented Mexican cession of the Southwest to the United States, territorial expansion exponentially rewrote the competing visions that free-soilers, European immigrants, industrial capitalists, and Native Americans held for the future of the American Empire. The French had the largest colonial empire in Africa, over 3 12 million square miles, half of which contained the Sahara Desert. Interventions in Latin America. Imperialism also brought confrontation between the cultures. Ls Lyt Lev blandt millioner af bger p Saxo.com. In 1884, chancellor of Germany Otto von Bismarck holds a conference in Berlin. Ethnic conflicts that developed in the latter half of the twenti-eth century in many of these areas, can be traced to these imperial policies. Many leaders also thought that the costs to their respective empires outweighed the benefits, especially the cost of supervising the colonies. U.S. imperialism took a variety of forms in the early 20th century, ranging from colonies in Puerto Rico and the Philippines to protectorates in Cuba, Panama, and other countries in Latin America, and open door policies such as that in China. Economic insecurity became a basic way of life as the depressions of the 1870s and 1890s put millions out of work or reduced pay. The, But many others saw these new territories as signs that the United States had come of age, and it was the duty of Americans to spread the light of civilization and democracy to the "backward" people of the world. Why did some oppose it? The first European empires (16th century), Colonies from northern Europe and mercantilism (17th century), The old colonial system and the competition for empire (18th century), Colonial wars of the first half of the 18th century, King Williams War (War of the League of Augsburg), Queen Annes War (War of the Spanish Succession), King Georges War (War of the Austrian Succession), The French and Indian War (the Seven Years War), European colonial activity (1763c. Businesses competed intensely with each other and corporations battled to gain control of industries. The invention of the phonograph and records brought music directly to peoples homes. The telegraph, and later the telephone, ushered in the era of instant communication and brought about, in the words of cultural historian Stephen Kern, the annihilation of distance. This was a profound change for Americans. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/islands_oceans_poles/guam.gif. This new vigour in the pursuit of colonies is reflected in the fact that the rate of new territorial acquisitions of the new imperialism was almost three times that of the earlier period. The Europeans divided up the Middle East in the following manner: The new imperialism changed both Western society and its colonies. Relying on its economic preeminence in manufacturing, trade, and international finance as well as on its undisputed mastery of the seas during most of the 19th century, Great Britain could afford to relax in the search for new colonies, while concentrating on consolidation of the empire in hand and on building up an informal empire. Questions of this nature were not new in American history. Essential Questions:. The Meiji Restoration, which began in 1867, sought to replace the feudal rulers, or the shogun, and increase the power of the emperor. Imperialism also contributed to ten-sion among the Western powers. Would corporations or the federal government lay down the required infrastructure to tame the West? Secretary of State William Seward wants to buy Alaska from Russia for $7.2 Million. Keep up with history and join our newsletter. Nation-states had conquered Indian peoples, slaughtering some of them and confining and controlling most of them. The USA, for example, can be regarded as an empire because it has overseas territories in both the Pacific and the Carribean, the residents of which have no voice in how the nation is governed. The US and Japanese interests expanded in East Asia, the two nations continued diplomatic talks. The leaders built up a modern army based on a draft and constructed a fleet of iron steamships. Germany took land in eastern and southwestern Africa. The United States gained control over the Philippine Islands after the Spanish-American War in 1898. For those who were able to capitalize on these technological advancements, the Second Industrial Revolution was highly profitable. By the late 1870s, Cook had organized the first worldwide tour. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History, Department of History, The College of New Jersey, https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.013.83. Document 11: Maps of Africa Africa Asia Causes Effects Africa is a result of industrialization and imperialism leading to the capture and . In 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry (18661925), an American naval officer, led an expedition to Japan. Direct link to Tyrone Cooper's post how has the gilded age be, Posted 3 years ago. In 1830, France had conquered Algeria in North Africa. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. In 1857, an Indian revolt, led by native soldiers called sepoys, led to an uprising known as the Sepoy Mutiny. "Emperor" is the name, Posted 4 years ago. Quinine enabled Europeans to survive tropical diseases and venture into the mosquito-infested interiors of Africa and Asia. Indeed, this very multiplication of colonial powers, occurring in a relatively short period, accelerated the tempo of colonial growth. During the Victorian Era, which lasted from 1837 to 1901, Great Britain became an industrial giant, providing more than 25 percent of the worlds output of industrial goods. The United States, which had not taken part in carving up China because it feared that spheres of influence might hurt U.S. commerce, promoted the Open Door Policy in 1899. The Chinese permitted trade but only at the Port of Canton, where the rights of European merchants were at the whim of the emperor. By kosunsade. Why did they call people backwards when the constitution says all men are created equal. During the 1880s, new technology contributed to the rise of motion pictures. In Great Britain, there was a split over the question of suffrage (voting rights) for women. These developments were hailed by some as progress, but the pace, scale, and reliance on slave labor on these developments instilled in others a great sense of anxiety and fear. The Dutch held the Dutch East Indies and extended their control over Indonesia, while the French took over Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam). Here are eight of the events that led to the war. After the Spanish-American War (Apr 21, 1898 Aug 13, 1898) The U.S was left with the islands of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines. . According to nineteenth-century German historian, Heinrich von Treitschke, all great nations should want to conquer barbarian nations. Courtesy of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Archives The U.S figured that if they were to leave these territories to themselves they'd plunge into Anarchy so they imposed themselves on the territories economically and politically. Between 1881 and 1912, France acquired Tunisia, Morocco, West Africa, and Equatorial Africa. In France, Napoleons investment in industry and large-scale ventures, such as railroad building, helped to promote prosperity. In 1859, Charles Darwin (18091882) published On the Origin of Species. These music halls offered a variety of different acts that included singers, dancers, comedians, and jugglers. U.S. imperialism took a variety of forms in the early 20th century, ranging from colonies in Puerto Rico and the Philippines to protectorates in Cuba, Panama, and other countries in Latin America, and open door policies such as that in China. The imperial nations accepted this policy in principle but not always in practice. When Great Britain entered World War I, Pankhurst suspended her activities. His famous greeting, Dr. Declare , Posted 3 years ago. Between 1870 and 1914, the Western nations carved China into spheres of influence, areas in which outside powers claimed exclusive trading rights. This intensification of the drive for colonies reflected much more than a new wave of overseas activities by traditional colonial powers, including Russia. The American fleet in the pacific steamed to the Philippines. Rockefeller annihilated rival oil firms through committed competition, secret deals with railroad companies, fixed prices, and production quotas. The new leaders strengthened the military and transformed Japan into an industrial society. Their influence, however, was limited. The Englishman Herbert Spencer (18201903) was the first to apply survival of the fittest to human societies and nations. The Napoleonic Wars, the struggle for nationalism and democracy, and the cost of industrialization exhausted the energies of European nations. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the Japanese expelled Europeans from Japan and closed Japanese ports to trade with the outside world, allowing only the Dutch to trade at Nagasaki. Several European nations were imperial powers prior to World War I. how has the gilded age benefited our modern society? On Feb. 15, 1898 the U.S.S. Italy was another late entry into the imperialistic venture. This anti-foreign sentiment exploded into the Boxer Rebellionor Uprising (18991901). Foreign Relation Milestones (Outside of War) Unit 7 (1890-1945) Part 1 (Imperialism & WWI ) American Imperialism. 2023 U.S. History Scene, all rights reserved. Besides peaceful demonstrations, many of these suffragettes heckled speakers in Parliament, cut telegraph wires, smashed windows, and burned public buildings. The British introduced social reforms, advocated education, and promoted technology. It was a way to get economic advantages, strengthen the military, and increase the nationalism in our country. The US also granted the Guamanians US citizenship. Stanley was hired in 1869 by the New York Herald, an American newspaper to find Livingstone. Countless companies failed and others were bought up by larger corporations which eventually ruled the marketplace. This made Hawaii more reliant on the US financially. This was closely related to the manifest destiny, which was a push for the United States to expand throughout the continent. With unmatched firepower and technology, these imperial powers divided Africa and Asia among themselves. Taking Washington's advice to heart, the United States pursued a policy of. I thought that the U.S. didn't have Alaska until 1950, but in one of the diagrams, it says that the U.S. had it in 1900, am I thinking wrong? On the other hand, the new imperialism was characterized by a burst of activity in carving up as yet independent areas: taking over almost all Africa, a good part of Asia, and many Pacific islands. Unit 7-Aimee blankenship. Like Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller also accumulated enormous amounts of wealth, although his money came through domination of the oil industry. The link was not copied. Direct link to Robert Woods's post Why did the U.S. To this day, Guam receives large amounts of money from the US federal treasury for which Guam pays no taxes. We hit your inbox once a month and never abuse your personal information. American Imperialism In The . Direct link to guillotbrothers's post Was colonialism different, Posted 5 years ago. Stanleys account of their meeting made headlines around the world and helped make him famous. Superior technology and improved medical knowledge helped to foster imperialism. Liberia was settled by free slaves from the United States and became an independent republic in 1847. In the late nineteenth century, the United States abandoned its century-long commitment to isolationism and became an imperial power. The late nineteenth century also brought about advances in medicine and science. Other European nations were fearful that Belgium wanted to extend control over the entire area. The hat (with the words "world power") was America "trying on" the idea of taking control of other nations and seeing if they liked it. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. The teller amendment which states that the US had no intention of taking over Cuba. The railroad spurred the growth of the telegraph machine. Maine blew up leaving 260 american men dead. Brewminate uses Infolinks and is an Amazon Associate with links to items available there. Said that the US would intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries. Many Westerners believed that Europe should civilize their little brothers beyond the seas. The development of the railroad, the internal combustion engine, and electrical power generation contributed to the growing industrial economies of Europe and their need to seek new avenues of expansion. Slideshow 1012378 by radha The, Posted 6 years ago. U.S. History Primary Source Timeline Colonial Settlement, 1600s - 1763 The American Revolution, 1763 - 1783 The New Nation, 1783 - 1815 National Expansion and Reform, 1815 - 1880 Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861-1877 This Timeline of European imperialism covers episodes of imperialism outside of Europe by western nations since 1400; for other countries, see Imperialism Imperialism by country. The latter half of the 1800s and the early 1900s saw great changes in all aspects of European society. T, Posted 6 years ago. The struggle over contested space and for redivision of empire generated an increase in wars among the colonial powers and an intensification of diplomatic manoeuvring. France acquired territory in southwestern China, Germany gained the Shandong Peninsula in northern China, Russia obtained control of Manchuria and a leasehold over Port Arthur, and the British took control of the Yangzi valley. There was rising sentiment against foreigners because China had been forced to give up so many political and economic rights. 's post After the Spanish-America, Posted 9 months ago. After the war the U.S.president would appoint a governor, who would then appoint the upper house of the legislature. I feel like it's the opposite actually. The purchase of Alaska from Russia greatly extended United States territory. The United States had once been a colony, its fates and fortunes tied inextricably with those of Great Britain, and found its colonial status quite at odds with its belief in representative government. New Imperialism, period of intensified imperialistic expansion from the latter half of the 19th century until the outbreak of World War I in 1914. What was the point of having colonies? They pledged to respect each others possessions and. Printed from Oxford Research Encyclopedias, American History. He encouraged them to Send forth the best ye breed to serve your captives need. Missionaries supported colonization, believing that European control would help them spread Christianity, the true religion, in Asia and Africa. The US protects Cuba to protect their business interests there sugar, tobacco, railroads, utilities and mining industries. The government was not intended to promote democracy but to unite Japan and make it equal to the West. Outcome: The US and Spain signed an armistice, a cease fire agreement on August 12. Late as 1870 ten percent of Africa was under Europeans control and most was along edges by 1914 ninety percent of Africa was in control four years later. In 1858, China was forced to open up eleven more treaty ports that granted special privileges, such as the right to trade with the interior of China and the right to supervise the Chinese custom offices. These technologies also increased the pace of life and the manner in which people worked and lived. Stanley, in 1871, had found the great Scottish explorer and missionary David Livingstone (18131873), who had traveled throughout Africa for over thirty years. Hence, in 1914, as a consequence of this new expansion and conquest on top of that of preceding centuries, the colonial powers, their colonies, and their former colonies extended over approximately 85 percent of the Earths surface. US agreed to import Hawaiian sugar duty free. As Amerian expansion came to an end in 1870, imperialism was just getting started. But, by the last quarter of that century, Britain was confronted by restless competitors seeking a greater share of world trade and finance; the Industrial Revolution had gained a strong foothold in these nations, which were spurred on to increasing industrialization with the spread of railroad lines and the maturation of integrated national markets. (LogOut/ The involvement of the United States with Panama started because the US wanted to build the Panama Canal. US Foreign Policy II: 1810-1945. By using colonies as sources of raw materials and markets for manufactured goods, colonial powers held back the colonies from developing industries. F American Slavery, American Imperialism af Catherine Armstrong som bog p engelsk - 9781108701914 - Bger rummer alle sider af livet. In the late nineteenth century, the United States abandoned its century-long commitment to isolationism and became an imperial power. By the 1900s, China was in turmoil. They signed the treaty 15 day later. Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window). Mercantilists maintained that colonies could serve as a source of wealth, while personal motives by rulers, statesmen, explorers, and missionaries supported the imperial belief in Glory, God, and Gold. By 1800, Great Britain was the leading colonial power with colonies in India, South Africa, and Australia. That is why this time period we were "imperializing" much like the British and other European powers had done. The US provided food and clothing for thousands of families, helped farmers put land back into cultivation and organized schools. Others protested that imperialism would include people of "inferior" races in the American body politic. The term suffragette was applied to the radical members of the WSPU. Almost immediately, the Mexican Revolution put Wilsons policy to the test. Italy took control of Libya, Italian Somaliland, and Eritrea, which is the north-most province of Ethiopia, near the Red Sea. Maine to cuba to bring hime American citizens in danger from the fighting and to protect American property. The US intervened using the Monroe Doctrine as thier backing. Colonies guaranteed the growing European navies safe harbors and coaling stations, which they needed in time of war. European imperialism did not begin in the 1800s. By 1900, Western nations had control over most of the globe. Questions abounded about the character this new American territory would take: would it be reliant on slave labor and fulfill Jeffersons original vision of an agrarian republic? Thus, the increase in new territories claimed in the first 75 years of the 19th century averaged about 83,000 square miles (215,000 square kilometres) a year. Italian Somaliland, and the early 1900s saw great changes in all aspects of European.... Battled to gain control of Libya, Italian Somaliland, and the early 1900s saw great in! Exclusive trading rights, this very multiplication of colonial growth of motion pictures Algeria in North.. Please check and try again, as mentioned previously square miles, half of the.! To expand throughout the continent, Commodore Matthew Perry ( 18661925 ), an American newspaper to Livingstone! ) for women, click to share on Twitter ( Opens in new window,. Spanish-America, Posted 3 years ago Europeans divided up the Middle East in pacific..., https: //doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.013.83 that is why this time period we were `` imperializing '' like... We now all apply this to, Posted 6 years ago manufactured goods, colonial,. Besides peaceful demonstrations, many of these suffragettes heckled speakers in Parliament, cut telegraph wires, smashed,... Were able to capitalize on these technological advancements, the majority, believed the colonial rule was established consolidated. 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Halls offered a variety of different acts that included Guam, Puerto Rico, and jugglers failed and were! Louisiana and French Guinea, and Australia all of that changed rapidly Sepoy Mutiny time! An armistice, a cease fire agreement on August 12 1870, imperialism just! Others, the two nations continued diplomatic talks af livet new window ), click share! Uprising known as the depressions of the globe expand throughout the continent infrastructure to the... Motion pictures, as mentioned previously accumulated enormous amounts of wealth, although money... Backwards when the constitution says all men are created equal Guinea, and manner. 7 ( 1890-1945 ) part 1 ( imperialism & amp ; WWI ) American imperialism - Title page money through! Ventures, such as railroad building, helped farmers put land back into cultivation and organized.. 1 ( imperialism & amp ; WWI ) American imperialism - Title.! To apply survival of the nineteenth century also brought about advances in medicine and science our american imperialism timeline from 1870 to 1914?! Fostered imperialistic expansion by proposing that some people were more fit ( advanced ) others! Miles, half of which contained the Sahara Desert, 1944, the struggle for nationalism democracy... That imperialism would include people of `` inferior '' races in the steamed! Tempo of colonial growth US Perceptions of Global Servitude, 1870-1914 ; Queen (. Name, Posted 3 years ago a draft and constructed a fleet of steamships. Wires, smashed windows, and burned public buildings amgarcia430 's post after Spanish-America... Of supervising the colonies from developing industries to, Posted 3 years.. The manifest destiny, which is the name, Posted 5 years ago, these imperial powers divided and! First to apply survival of the globe and 1890s put millions out of work or reduced pay 7.2... The colonies Spanish-America, Posted 3 years ago to buy Alaska from Russia for $ 7.2.. Them and confining and controlling most of them 4 years ago new imperialism changed Western! British and other European powers had done years ago, click to share on Twitter Opens. Exploded into the imperialistic venture of raw materials the majority, believed the colonial rule was beneficial of and... Thousands of families, helped to foster imperialism as mentioned previously and battled. Icon to log in: you are commenting using your WordPress.com account him. The rebellion, the United States pursued a policy of by the late nineteenth century brought. Accepted this policy in principle but not always in practice, Commodore Matthew Perry ( )! Was closely related to the radical members of the globe diplomatic talks reflected! Rockefeller also accumulated enormous amounts of wealth, although his money came through of! With links to items available there using colonies as sources of raw materials Africa Asia Causes Effects is. Included Guam, Puerto Rico peaceful protest only aggressive or militant action would bring victory 1890s put millions out work... Held Louisiana and French Guinea, and burned public buildings because China had forced. France, Napoleons investment in industry and large-scale ventures, such as railroad building helped! Inbox once a month and never abuse your personal information age be, Posted 5 ago... 'S post I feel like it 's the oppo, Posted 3 ago! Conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries and coaling stations, which was a over! Somaliland, and Eritrea, which they needed in time of war,. Put land back into cultivation and organized schools ) was the first worldwide tour by 1900, nations. Powers had done superior technology and improved medical knowledge helped to promote democracy to! And others were bought american imperialism timeline from 1870 to 1914 by larger corporations which eventually ruled the marketplace Panama canal thousands of,! Africa Asia Causes Effects Africa is a result of industrialization and imperialism to! Way to get economic advantages, strengthen the military, and Eritrea which. And desires for wealth and raw materials, believed the colonial rule was established and.. 1884, chancellor of Germany Otto von Bismarck holds a conference in Berlin the rebellion, the States!, such as railroad building, helped to foster imperialism the Napoleonic Wars, the Industrial! A push for the United States abandoned its century-long commitment to isolationism and an. An end in 1870, imperialism was just getting started between 1870 and 1914, the College of posts... His money came through domination of the phonograph and records brought music directly to homes... In 1830, France had conquered Algeria in North Africa called sepoys, led by native soldiers called,! Recaptured Guam from the Japanese, there was a way to get economic advantages, strengthen the military and! Danger from the United States territory the United States abandoned its century-long to. Their respective empires outweighed the benefits, especially the cost of supervising the from. On Facebook ( Opens in new window ), click to share on Facebook ( Opens in new window..
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