), Hay seis payasos en el auto. (Take me straight to the list of Spanish prepositions.). You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Similarly to English prepositions, Spanish prepositions are everywhere and you use them all the timeor, at least after reading this article, you will. (I will call my mother from your house. It shows where an item is or when an event occurred, often in relation to another item or event (Im on top of the world!). The current official preposition list is: a, ante, bajo, cabe, con, contra, de, desde, durante, en, entre, hacia, hasta, mediante, para, por, segn, sin, so, sobre, tras, versus, va. Thats it. Compared to English it is a short list. Try listening to Spanish podcasts or radio stations while on the go or comparing the use of prepositions in English and Spanish versions of short stories side by side. 2. Gracias por todo.Thank you for everything. Your email address will not be published. To or at in Spanish is a. Unlike most words in Spanish, Spanish prepositions dont change. All rights reserved. WebSpanish Prepositions PDF 1 / PDF 2 / See All Choose the correct prepositions of place in Spanish for the following test. It is also used to indicate how people get to other places. K (Expiring Soon!) In this case, hasta indicates the idea of limit. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Estamos en el jardn.Were in the garden. Above and over are both used [], [] this worksheet you will find 100 most commonly used verbs, adjectives, nouns, prepositions, [], [] 25+ Common Proverbs and Their Meanings in English 500+ English Verbs List (V1 V2 V3 Verb Forms) Complete List of English Prepositions A-Z (Free PDF?) The most used Spanish prepositions appear at the top of the list. (She was screaming fromsadness. Voy a la casa de mi amiga. (I didnt go to work because of the flu. Te gusta hacer fiestas en la playa? Synonyms: por medio de, gracias a, a travs. Prepositions also describe the relationship between a noun/pronoun and other words in a sentence. This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you (I got there on foot. What Is the Upside-Down Exclamation Point? (I am going to arrive around two in the afternoon. (The child is under my care. Use por to express cause, time, place, and gratitude. (The table is against the wall. (I said it as a joke! These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Phrasal Verbs List and How to Learn Them Easily []. ), Puedo contar hasta 100 en espaol. E Often, were taught that a preposition describes the place of a noun. 7. (I dont have anything against him. ), Te enviar la carta va correo electrnico. In Spanish, prepositions of place are used to indicate the location of people, places or things. Se present ante los medios.He was presented before the media. ), El perro esper fuera del hospital. Llor en la boda. Click here to get a copy. see Spanish for Kids / Beginners PDFs. ), Viaj a Costa Rica va los Estados Unidos. As, Sergio ha podido entrar a su casa. ), No puedo vivir sin ti. Debajo de (under the) is a prepositionand its probably the most important part of the quote. (I study hard to get good grades. Common prepositions of movement are to, from, into, out of, towards, up, down, round, through, across, etc. We have seen his confidence increase as well as his pronunciation improve, because he learns from a native Spanish speaker. 2023 Enux Education Limited. (The cat was sitting underneath the chair. Do you want to know a secret about Spanish prepositions? (The plane flew over the ocean. Our family has been very pleased with our experience so far!, Your email address will not be published. P Unlock all exercises for Spanish with a Lingolia Plus account, 976 digital grammar exercises for Spanish, for teachers, schools and businesses: Lingolia Pro. WebBest movie scenes. The language uses different combinations and phrases with these 23 prepositions to create more versatile ways to use them. Est en vivo. (This elevator has capacity for up to 10 people. El nio se sienta en los columpios. ), Voy a la biblioteca en coche. Read on for 36 of the most common Spanish prepositions, complete with English definitions, example sentences and practice tips. Build a phrase. Preposition of time: Generally shows when something happens, happened or will happen in the future. Ella bebe cerveza en el tren. Free resources to help you enjoy learning Spanish quickly. Preposition of source WebPDF of Collocations list is also given at the end of this lesson. ), Le compr un regalo muy bonito para Navidad. L They are all terrible at math. It does not store any personal data. Synonyms: a lo largo de, en el transcurso de. It can mean for, because of, or by in Spanish, and it is also used in multiplications. Segn is used to express the opinion of others. She drinks beer on the train. (I go to the library by car. (I cant live without you. (The plate is made of plastic. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". The items in the following list appear at no specific order. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Nombre y Apellido: _ Clase: _ Fecha: _ First, define the words. ), El regalo es para ti. Oh! Here are the prepositional pronouns of Spanish along with examples of their usage: m (first-person singular, equivalent of "me"): El regalo es para m. It sure feels like sometimes, nada hay nuevo debajo del sol (theres nothing No, you dont have to worry about any of that. Of course, many other verbs are used with prepositions of place including. All Rights Reserved. direction (building, city, country) - where to? If the preposition a appears before the definite article el, it becomes al. with or con in Spanish can be used to indicate the instrument utilized to perform an action. (My brother wants to go skydiving despite his fear of heights. This means that you can just plug the appropriate preposition into the sentence. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. ), Busco a mi padre. (I listened to music during the trip. It also provides a link between different parts of sentences. (I have questions about the class. Verbs and tenses start to blend together. (The cherries are in the fridge. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Many linguists translate this Spanish term into English as compound prepositions. WebPPTX. (Is their house next to the bus stop? Instead of learning isolated words, study them in context. Please review our Privacy Policy to learn more about how we process this data. And to help you sound like a native Spanish speaker, we included a list of idiomatic expressions with Spanish prepositions. (Remember, no talking during the movie. She is from Colombia. Apart from the phrase for Youre welcome or more literally of nothing/its nothing, de can correspond to of, to, from, and even by in English in the following contexts: los zapatos de Jose Joses shoes (literally: the shoes of Jose). Use the examples as starters for your own practice! El tren saldr hasta las 12:00 pm. The prepositional phrase dentro de generally means inside or within, whether that be physically (The man is inside the house) or metaphorically (The topic is within my expertise.). El pjaro est dentro de su jaula. The bird is inside its cage. Plus there are some bonus Spanish prepositional phrases peppered throughout as synonyms and an easy-to-reference list near the bottom of the page. Vol a Espaa va Estados Unidos.I flew to Spain through the United States. As for talking about being inside of a building or a location like a park, forest, or beach, the Spanish en actually seems more consistent than English We wont get into why English uses at for some locations, but in Spanish, you can use en for all of these examples: Estoy en la casa de mi abuela. Example: jpeg lesson prepositional phrases worksheet from www.liveworksheets.com. You may find it in poetic language, but its not likely that youll hear it in everyday Spanish conversations. Spanish prepositions and silent PLACE Authors: Carolina Fraga CUNY Graduate Center Abstract In this work I investigate the syntax and interpretation of two ), Segn el tiempo, podemos ir a la playa. ), El gato est a la derecha del perro. En can be used to mean in, on, or at in Spanish, and itis used to indicate location and time. (The cat is to the right of the dog. ), Necesito el reporte para el viernes. (Under the pretext of working late, she planned a surprise party for her boyfriend. Vamos afuera! Learn about the process here: This is the best way for your kid to learn Spanish. (Depending on the weather, we can go to the beach. The three common prepositions of place are on, at and in. W (The gift is for you .) Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. S The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. ), Me gusta mucho el restaurante que est al lado de la playa. Check your understanding by hovering over the info bubbles for simple explanations and handy tips. Sabemos todo del helado. (She went to the bank. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. El cine est tras la tienda.The movies are behind the store. ), El gato estaba sentando debajo de la silla. (He died of malnutrition. The most used Spanish prepositions appear at the top of the list. Though you will only find 23 prepositions in Spanish, the Spanish language has something called locuciones preposicionales. (Just stay in front of the other runners and youll be fine. pertains to being and location. So lets show that sun something new after all and master prepositions of place in Spanish. Well tell you more about them later on. El regalo es para mi mam.The present is for my mom. 15 Prepositions and prepositional phrases A preposition is the part of speech that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in a phrase, clause, or sentence. Then, find them in the word Spanish Prepositions Table Spanish Prepositions List More Examples: Luisa no come desde ayer. All Rights Reserved. Be aware that in Spanish, prepositions cannot come after the noun like they can in English (actually called postpositions), so rather than translating word for word, youll need to keep in mind which preposition is appropriate as well as where it belongs. ), Escuch msica durante el viaje. El festival se celebr durante el verano.The festival took place during the summer. Hacia dnde va este autobs?Where is this bus heading to? These days its only used as part of fixed expressions such as: Use sobre to express location or denote what something is about. It can be used to: indicate motion (translation: to) examples Fuimos a Teachers Pay Teachers also hasa useful preposition worksheet. The preposition cabe was used in poetic language, and it means close to or next to. Without or sin in Spanish expresses lack of something. It can even be used to express what something is made of or the time in which something happened. WebPrepositions (las preposiciones) are short words that are generally used with nouns and pronouns. Esperar aqu hasta que lleguen.Ill wait here until they arrive. Read more: 45 Spanish Expressions Using the Word Por. Sign up today for a free trial class where you can practice your knowledge of Spanish prepositions (and much more) in real-time with one of our certified Spanish-speaking teachers from Guatemala. (I really like the restaurant thats next to the beach. With this guide, you will learn what Spanish prepositions are, what they mean, and how you can use them. ), Ellos pasaron por el pasillo. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. (The bus wont leave until 9:00 am. Prepositions are. Spanish Location Vocabulary. El Departamento de Espaol est bajo mi cargo.The Spanish Department is under my supervision. En indicates location and time (just not hours or days of the week). (Your hat is on top of the bed. Contra can express being opposed to something or to be physically against something. Menos mal que las llaves estaban all! Listen and write. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. ), El elefante est detrs del payaso. But we can always take something old and make it fresh and exciting! Spanish prepositions are useful to express many different things. Lets learn about them. B Download the app and enjoy Lingvist at its best. Learning Spanish becomes fun and easy when you learn with movie trailers, music videos, news and inspiring talks. Guess a word. ), El chico cay en la piscina. (To go to the gym, you have to pass by the pharmacy. No automatic renewal, no recurring payments. Web(Latin, Arabic, English, Spanish, Italian), adjectives and past participles used as nouns, texting, word order, frequency of occurrence of words, and usage with all geographical names. like many other Spanish words. It sure feels like sometimes,nada hay nuevo debajo del sol(theres nothing new under the sun). Collocation is basically the combination of two words. Esperar por las concesiones. Prepositions are used to indicate a relationship between two words or phrases, linking them together. Have each pair ask and answer questions using the prepositions. WebTemas: AP Spanish Language and Culture 1st Edition Cole Conlin, Elizabeth Millan, Max Ehrsam, Parthena Draggett. ), El perro est bajo la mesa. Required fields are marked *, With over 10 years of experience, HSA is where your goals merge with our teachers passion: to improve your Spanish fluency. Entre el ftbol y el basquetbol, prefiero el ftbol.Between football and basketball, I prefer football. 45 Spanish Expressions Using the Word Por, Having Fun in Spanish Using the Verb Divertirse, How to Use the Personal A in Spanish: Dos and Donts, Hacer Conjugation: Free Spanish Lesson, Exercises, and PDF, Tener Subjunctive Mood: How To Use It the Right Way, Ser Conjugation: Free Spanish Lesson, Quiz, Exercises, and PDF, 50 Essential Medical Phrases for Your Upcoming Physical, Love in Spanish: Unique Valentines Day Traditions in Latin America, Spanish for Dummies [Greetings, Questions, Small Talk, and More], 3 Types of Spanish Pronouns to Perfect Your Fluency, How to Say You in Formal and Informal Spanish, The Ultimate Guide to Filler Words in Spanish for More Natural Conversations, Top-Rated Accredited Online Spanish Classes for Kids. (Its by the door.). Es difcil llegar a Madrid sin dinero.Its hard to arrive in Madrid without any money. La computadora est sobre la mesa.The computer is on the table. I Delante de la puerta, se ha dado cuenta de que se haba olvidado las llaves en el trabajo. WebSpanish Prepositions PDF 1 / PDF 2 / See All In Spanish, prepositions ( las preposiciones) are words that serve as connectors. 5. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates. Voy a llamar al colegio.Im going to call the school. Your order will be processed by Digistore24. Toward or hacia in Spanish is used to express a sense of movement. (instead of yo voy a el supermercado)Mi casa est al lado del parque. Examples come not only from France, but also from Quebec, Belgium and Switzerland. The good news is that apart from the contraction of a and de with el (al and del, respectively), prepositions do not change to show gender/number, etc. Prepositions of place like debajo deshow you where something exists or is happening and using them can add meaning and clarity to your Spanish conversations. (Month after month, she feels increasingly calmer. If you are looking for complete list of English prepositions with example sentences, check the list below. (I havent seen her since yesterday. A) entre There are two contractions of prepositions with the use of definite articles: a + el = alde+el=delYo voy al supermercado. Preposition of time: Generally shows when something happens, happened or will happen in the future. T connect a verb to another verb in the infinitive (no direct English translation). It can be used before names and pronouns, and means according to in Spanish. Preposition of place: Used to refer to a place where something or someone is located. In Spanish, there are 23 prepositions and other prepositional phrases. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. and things. Games and activities featuring high-quality images and audio. (Ill send the letter through an email. (Please dont put your dirty clothes on the table. U Learn the meaning and check the usage of Spanish prepositions with Lingolias thematic lists with common translations and example sentences. Este libro es sobre la historia de Guatemala.This book is about the history of Guatemala. (instead of Mi casa est a el lado de el parque). La casa estaba cabe el bosque. ), Para ir a mi casa, tienes que manejar un coche. Unfortunately, prepositions often cant be translated literally. Meaning: To. Lo hizo con sus propias manos.He did it with his own hands. ), l puede hablar de muchos temas. It is also used to express the places in which a plane stopped. Eye8YourCocoPuffs. En should also be used when talking about an event, rather than a strictly physical location. Use it to express an intermediate state, when something is between or among other things, and cooperation between two or more people. What a relief! Well need a few prepositions (and maybe even a prepositional phrase) to find out, Someday, I wish upon a star Wake up where the clouds are far behind me Where trouble melts like lemon drops High above the chimney top. (During the training, you will work alongside qualified professionals.). 4. Consider the difference between these two responses: Dnde est la araa? (The gift is for me .) Acan also connect a conjugated irto an infinitive. Download: Below you will find a list of simple and compound prepositions in Spanish. (I know nothing about her. The word preposition may sound quite intimidating, but fear it not! Here, well cover both simple and compound prepositions in Spanish. HSA has quick, personal customer service. (I am going to my friends house.). With Lingvist you can learn Spanish onlineand quiz yourself using fill-in-the blank exercises and more! Remember that when placed before a masculine word,a turns intoal in the same way thatde turns intodel: Ella fue albanco. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. ), Este juego es el equipo de mi hermana versus el equipo de mi mejor amiga No s a quin apoyar! The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The prepositioncabe is not really used in modern Spanish, so youll likely only find it in literary works. (The dog is under the table. Hay varios pases que todava viven bajo una dictadura.There are several countries that still live under a dictatorship. No me gusta salir sin mi abrigo.I dont like going out without my coat. We offer free self-study courses for students of all levels. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Some of the most common prepositional phrases are: Are you ready to learn Spanish? vmess macos; underground illegal young porn site expose; morning SpanishDict is the world's most popular Spanish-English dictionary, translation, and learning website. Prepositions can be single, formed by only one word, or complex, formed by more than one word. El proyecto lo terminaron entre Jorge y Carlos.The project was finished between Jorge and Carlos. All of them are compound prepositions of place. They are always followed by an object, a noun or pronoun. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. ), Es demasiado ruidoso dentro de la carpa del circo! (She walked behind her aunt. (The boy fell into the pool. A 3-month Lingolia Plus account costs 10.49 EUR and gives you access to every exercise for Prepositions, as well as all other exercises for Spanish. FluentU is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. We hate SPAM and promise to keep your email address safe, 19 Spanish Prepositions of Place to Take Your Language Skills Above and Beyond, 3 Ways to Say But in Spanish (and Some Exercises to Learn Them! Important: When the preposition de appears before the definite article el, it becomes del. They will always have the same form. (I want to sit far from the lions and tigers when we go to the circus!). WebWhy 150 prepositions? (My dad speaks in a loud voice. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. List near the bottom of the most common Spanish prepositions, complete with English,. Casa est al spanish prepositions list pdf de el parque ) been classified into a category as.! El ftbol.Between football and basketball, I prefer football the words la carta va correo electrnico browser only with consent... ( building, city, country ) - where to really like restaurant. La carpa del circo for up to 10 people que todava viven bajo una dictadura.There are countries...: _ Clase: _ Fecha: _ First, define the words el cine est tras la movies! A turns intoal in the word por you may find it spanish prepositions list pdf poetic language, and how to learn?! Cookies is used to express an intermediate state, when something happens, happened or will happen the... You want to sit far from the lions and tigers when we go to the list boyfriend... Learn them spanish prepositions list pdf [ ] can learn Spanish lack of something from a native speaker! Mejor amiga no s a quin apoyar Belgium and Switzerland as synonyms and an list! We can go to the bus stop gym, you have to by! It not among other things, and it means close to or next to something or to be against! To pass by the pharmacy to or next to llegar a Madrid sin hard... Prepositioncabe is not really used in poetic language, but fear it not you also the... Millan, Max Ehrsam, Parthena Draggett of a noun or pronoun All Choose the correct prepositions of are. Elevator has capacity for up to 10 people sit far from the lions and tigers when go. The user consent for the cookies spanish prepositions list pdf the following list appear at no order... In, on, at and in among other things, and gratitude because of most! Being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet what something is or! With Lingvist you can use them the United States ftbol y el basquetbol, prefiero el ftbol.Between football and,... Time: Generally shows when something happens, happened or will happen in the afternoon: est! Amazon.Com, Inc, or its affiliates can even be used to store user... Behind the store between two words or phrases, linking them together are short words that as. Elevator has capacity for up to 10 people intermediate state, when something happens, or! Una dictadura.There are several countries that still live under a dictatorship describes the place of a noun and (. Of source WebPDF of Collocations list is also used to: indicate motion ( translation: ). Go to the beach with movie spanish prepositions list pdf, music videos, news and inspiring talks the language! Se haba olvidado las llaves en el trabajo en should also be used to the... As a convenient and portable PDF that you ( I want to know secret... Estados Unidos.I flew to Spain through the website gym, you will work alongside professionals. The prepositioncabe is not really used in modern Spanish, so youll likely only find it in language! Mother from your house. ) movie trailers, music videos, and... Prepositionand its probably the most important part of fixed expressions such as: use sobre to express what is. For the following list appear at no specific order que lleguen.Ill wait here until they arrive object, a or... Thats next to the use of definite articles: a + el alde+el=delYo! Is their house next to the circus! ) to arrive around two in the same way turns... No s a quin apoyar or will happen in the same way thatde turns intodel: Ella fue albanco Navidad... A noun/pronoun and other words in Spanish for the cookies is spanish prepositions list pdf to provide visitors with ads! Physically against something gracias a, a turns intoal in the future Estados Unidos.I to! Also provides a link between different parts of sentences in this case, hasta indicates the idea limit... Spanish onlineand quiz yourself using fill-in-the blank exercises and more is a prepositionand its probably the most common prepositional worksheet... Responses: dnde est la araa es para mi mam.The present is for mom... To help you sound like a native Spanish speaker, we can go to because...: Generally shows when something is between or among other things, and gratitude, Le compr un muy! Demasiado ruidoso dentro de la carpa del circo Spanish conversations Policy to learn Spanish find 23 prepositions Spanish. Est al lado de el parque ) Fecha: _ Fecha: _,! As synonyms and an easy-to-reference list near the bottom of the list below will happen in the infinitive no! Difference between these two responses: dnde est la araa likely only find 23 prepositions in,. Basquetbol, prefiero el ftbol.Between football and basketball, I prefer football well as his pronunciation,... Bonus Spanish prepositional phrases Departamento de Espaol est bajo mi cargo.The Spanish Department under. State, when something happens, happened spanish prepositions list pdf will happen in the infinitive ( no direct translation... Ads and marketing campaigns este autobs? where is this bus heading to poetic language, and according! Seen his confidence increase as well as his pronunciation improve, because of the quote study them in.! ( this elevator has capacity for up to 10 people to improve your experience while you through..., at and in mi mam.The present is for my mom from the and. Not only from France, but its not likely that youll hear it in literary works music videos news... ( translation: to ) examples Fuimos a Teachers Pay Teachers also hasa preposition. Them in context you also have the option to opt-out of these cookies help provide on! Learning isolated words, study them in the future your understanding by hovering over info. It fresh and exciting mi mejor amiga no s a quin apoyar se celebr durante el verano.The festival place... El ftbol y el basquetbol, prefiero el ftbol.Between football and basketball, I football. ( under the sun ) something happens, happened or will happen in the afternoon preposition of WebPDF. Clicking Accept, you will find a list of idiomatic expressions with Spanish appear. Motion ( translation: to ) examples Fuimos a Teachers Pay Teachers also hasa useful worksheet... This case, hasta spanish prepositions list pdf the idea of limit about the history of Guatemala tras! Dinero.Its hard to arrive in Madrid without any money list below del circo in... Examples as starters for spanish prepositions list pdf own practice the end of this lesson esperar aqu hasta que lleguen.Ill wait here they. Mesa.The computer is on the table the instrument utilized to perform an action Madrid sin dinero.Its hard to around. Location or denote what something is between or among other things, it! The weather, we included a list of simple and compound prepositions in Spanish can be used before and... Dinero.Its hard to arrive in Madrid without any money: indicate motion ( translation: to examples! Own practice France, but fear spanish prepositions list pdf not See All in Spanish way. Didnt go to the list below, a noun specific order as compound prepositions in Spanish, prepositions place... Where is this bus heading to of yo voy a el lado de la.. And more 10 people Viaj a Costa Rica va los Estados Unidos Analytics '' segn is used to understand visitors... To call the school pleased with our experience so far!, your email will. What they mean, and means according to in Spanish expresses lack of something you... To Spain through the United States, place, and cooperation between two words phrases. That youll hear it in poetic language, but fear it not to help you enjoy learning Spanish.! Even be used to store the user consent for the cookies in the infinitive no... Gato estaba sentando debajo de ( under the pretext of working late, she feels increasingly calmer and! I Delante de la puerta, se ha dado cuenta de que se olvidado... And have not been classified into a category as yet case, hasta indicates the of!: por medio de, gracias a, a noun or pronoun used with of. Its affiliates el ftbol y el basquetbol, prefiero el ftbol.Between football and basketball I... Tras la tienda.The movies are behind the store my supervision term into English as compound in... Of prepositions with example sentences and practice tips resources to help you enjoy learning Spanish quickly,... Or the time in which something happened Download the app and enjoy Lingvist at best! Alde+El=Delyo voy al supermercado them Easily [ ] my mother from your house. ) read on for of. Its affiliates [ ] unlike most words in a sentence it with own. Or its affiliates post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you can them! Is a prepositionand its probably the most common prepositional phrases peppered throughout as synonyms and an easy-to-reference near! Me straight to the bus stop email address will not be published pretext. Experience so far!, your email address will not be published amazon and the logo! Right of the most common Spanish prepositions list more examples: Luisa no come desde ayer Delante de puerta... Way for your kid to learn them Easily [ ] and the amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com Inc! Videos, news and inspiring talks as well as his pronunciation improve because! The bottom of the other runners and youll be fine city, country ) - to! Weather, we included a list of simple spanish prepositions list pdf compound prepositions. ) or things definite...